Search results for "Agricultural policy"
showing 10 items of 37 documents
Understanding deep learning in land use classification based on Sentinel-2 time series
2020
AbstractThe use of deep learning (DL) approaches for the analysis of remote sensing (RS) data is rapidly increasing. DL techniques have provided excellent results in applications ranging from parameter estimation to image classification and anomaly detection. Although the vast majority of studies report precision indicators, there is a lack of studies dealing with the interpretability of the predictions. This shortcoming hampers a wider adoption of DL approaches by a wider users community, as model’s decisions are not accountable. In applications that involve the management of public budgets or policy compliance, a better interpretability of predictions is strictly required. This work aims …
Modélisation du comportement des agriculteurs face au risque dans un modèle de programmation mathématique positive (PMP) à grande échelle
2017
Agricultural production is characterized for being a risky business due to weather variability, market instability, plant diseases as well as climate change and political economy uncertainty. The modelling of risk at farm level is not new, however, the inclusion of risk in Positive Mathematical Programming (PMP) models is particularly challenging. Most of the few existing PMP-risk approaches have been conducted at farm-type level and for a very limited and specific sample of farms. This implies that the modelling of risk and uncertainty at individual farm level and in a large scale system is still a challenging task. The aim of this paper is to formulate, estimate and test a robust methodol…
A Basic View on Models of Nature and the Concept of “Sustainability”
2010
The discussion below is primarily connected to the challenge of agricultural crop production in western and northern Europe by the global change of climate (Box IV.3), but the ideas are of a general character and could therefore be extended outside this geographical area. We believe that strategic thinking and strategic decisions on agriculture and the way of preparing tactical decisions have to be reconsidered everywhere.
Europäische Handels- und Agrarpolitik gegenüber Afrika Mit einem kritischen Blick auf den Beitrag der Wirtschaftswissenschaften
2018
Abstract European trade policy with Africa is in deep trouble. We observe a triple policy failure. (1) The EU tries to draw African partner countries into comprehensive deep integration agreements, far more than these countries can arguably support. (2) For trade in goods, safeguard clauses in the EPAs are patchy. They cannot satisfy African needs for smart protection of agricultural and industrial businesses. Facing the refusal of some African governments to sign, the EU has no answer. Ensuing fragmentation of African regional economic communities is a disaster. Rapid repair work of the existing regional EPA drafts looks more promising than a grand solution with the new African Continental…
Interrelation Between European Union Protection and National Protection
2014
In addition to registration requirements, registration procedure, and the protection of registered IGOs, namely PDOs and PGIs, as well as protected indications of origin (within the Aromatised Wines Regulation), the EU law on IGOs also includes the regulation of other aspects. Competence of state institutions of EU Member States to ensure the observance of the regulation of IGOs as it is provided in the EU law or interrelation with other EU legal acts relating to IGOs already discussed in Part II of this book should be mentioned among such aspects.
Examining Sources of Farmers’ Knowledge as a Premise Behind Realization of the Smart Village Conception. A Case Study of Opole Region
2019
The aim of the study is to point to the need of doing research on the system of agricultural knowledge and information as a premise behind realization of the conception of smart village in the territorial framework. Accepting the assumption that intelligent agriculture lies at the foundation of transformation of rural areas, the author indicates the role of the system of agricultural knowledge and information in the process of modernization of agricultural holdings. In the article, questionnaire-based survey research was used in relation to the sustainable development of agriculture in Opole Region. In order to assess the level of adaptation of agricultural holdings to economy based on know…
Assessing farming eco-efficiency: a Data Envelopment Analysis approach.
2010
This paper assesses farming eco-efficiency using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) techniques. Eco-efficiency scores at both farm and environmental pressure-specific levels are computed for a sample of Spanish farmers operating in the rain-fed agricultural system of Campos County. The determinants of eco-efficiency are then studied using truncated regression and bootstrapping techniques. We contribute to previous literature in this field of research by including information on slacks in the assessment of the potential environmental pressure reductions in a DEA framework. Our results reveal that farmers are quite eco-inefficient, with very few differences emerging among specific environmental …
Farmers' costs of environmental regulation: Reducing the consumption of nitrogen in citrus farming
2007
Abstract Environmental externalities in agriculture, and the choice of suitable instruments to integrate environmental concerns into agricultural policies, are a matter of interest for the Common Agricultural Policy. In this paper, we use Data Envelopment Analysis techniques to assess the impact on farms' performance of two environmentally-friendly regulations aimed at abating consumption of inorganic nitrogen in Spanish citrus farming: levies on purchased nitrogen and nitrogen use permits for farms. By comparing farms' short-run maximum profits under both unregulated and regulated scenarios a regulation cost index is computed. Our results show that nitrogen overuse is mostly a matter of ma…
Assessment of site-specific drivers of farmland abandonment in mosaic-type landscapes: A case study in Vidzeme, Latvia
2018
Abstract Farmland abandonment, which causes changes in rural life and farming practices, can be observed throughout Europe. Over the last decades natural afforestation has decreased the area of farmland used for agricultural production, thereby leading to landscape homogenization and polarization. This process is explicitly evident in mosaic type landscapes consisting of highly complex land cover patterns, soil composition and topography. The aim of the study was to determine the site-specific driving forces of farmland abandonment at landscape scale in relation to agro-ecological and geographic factors, in a post-Soviet country in Eastern Europe. An extensive field survey approach with sta…
THE IMPACT OF REGIONAL AND COHESION POLICY ON THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE EU
2012
As the global financial and economic crisis hit the European Union, no country was left unharmed. To this day, the Member States share the burden of excessive foreign debt, inflation, budget deficit, high unemployment levels, shaken stability of the currency, and many more. Multiple responses were introduced to these damaging effects, including adopting changes to the use of the Globalisation Adjustment Fund, enabling a Financial Stability Mechanism for the Euro zone and introducing a number of micro-financing instruments, particularly to support SMEs. Nevertheless, these have all been short-term actions, which will not suffice to ensure a long-term, sustainable economic growth of the Europ…